testThe surgical anatomy of the breast for mammaplasty using
breast implants has not yet been fully described. The mammary
gland is one of the pilo-sebaceus tissues, which is located
between anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the
intercostal nerve and between the superficial and deep layer of
the subcutaneous fascias, and fed by the perforating cutaneous
branch of the internal thoracic artery and mammary branch of
lateral thoracic artery. In augmentation mammaplasty, surgeons
must understand that implantation is the procedure to form a
thin and wide capsule around the implant. Therefore, the implant
should be inserted into the pocket surrounded by fascias
between the deep layer of the subcutaneous fascia and the
superficial layer of the superficial thoracic fascia or between the
deep layer of the superficial thoracic fascia and the superficial
layer of the deep thoracic fascia. In immediate reconstruction
mammaplasty, the lower-lateral part of the superficial thoracic
fascia should be preserved in order to separate the layers of
the mastectomy and implantation, and the dissection of the
interpectoral lymph nodes must be abbreviated to keep the
fascias beneath the pectoralis major.